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CBSE-Grade 12 Zoology Syllabus

CBSE syllabus always maintains a standard, If a student has trouble understanding a topic related to Zoology, the student can go through questions and answers related to each topic covered in Class 12 Zoology.

Some of the topics Covered include :

TOPICS

    1. Human Reproduction
    2. Reproductive Health
    3. Evolution
    4. Human Health and Diseases
    5. Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
    6. Biotechnology- Principles and Processes
    7. Biotechnology and Its Applications
1. Human Reproduction

1.A. The Male Reproductive System
1.B. The Female Reproductive System

1.C. Gametogenesis

1.D. Menstrual Cycle

1.E. Fertilization and Implantation

1.F. Pregnancy and Embryonic Development

1.G. Parturition and Lactation

2. Reproductive Health
2.A. Reproductive Health – Problems and Strategies
2.B. Population Explosion and Birth Control
2.C. Medical Termination of Pregnancy

2.D. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

2.E. Infertility

3. Evolution
3.A. Origin of Life
3.B. Evolution of Life Forms – A Theory
3.C. What are the Evidences for Evolution?
3.D. What is Adaptive Radiation?

3.E. Biological Evolution

3.F. Mechanism of Evolution

3.G. Hardy – Weinberg Principle

3.H. A Brief Account of Evolution

3.I. Origin and Evolution of Man

4. Human Health and Diseases
4.A. Common Diseases in Humans
4.B. Immunity
4.C. AIDS
4.D. Cancer

4.E. Drugs and Alcohol Abuse

5. Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
5.A. Animal Husbandry
5.B. Plant Breeding
5.C. Single Cell Proteins
5.D. Tissue Culture

6. Biotechnology- Principles and Processes
6.A. Principles of Biotechnology
6.B. Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology

6.C. Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology

7. Biotechnology and Its Applications
7.A. Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture
7.B. Biotechnological Applications in Medicine
7.C. Transgenic Animals
7.D. Ethical Issues

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CBSE-Grade 12 Botany Syllabus

CBSE syllabus always maintains a standard, If a student has trouble understanding a topic related to Botany, the student can go through questions and answers related to each topic covered in Class 12 Botany.

Some of the topics Covered include :

TOPICS

    1. Reproduction in Organisms
    2. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
    3. Principles of Inheritance and Variation
    4. Molecular Basis of Inheritance
    5. Microbes in Human Welfare
    6. Organisms and Populations
    7. Ecosystem
    8. Biodiversity and Conservation
    9. Environmental Issues
1. Reproduction in Organisms

1.A. Asexual Reproduction
1.B. Sexual Reproduction

2. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
2.A. Flower – A Fascinating Organ of Angiosperms
2.B. Pre-fertilisation : Structures and Events
2.C. Double Fertilisation

2.D. Post-fertilisation: Structures and Events

2.E. Apomixis and Polyembryony

3. Principles of Inheritance and Variation
3.A. Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance
3.B. Inheritance of One Gene
3.C. Inheritance of Two Genes
3.D. Sex Determination

3.E. Mutation

3.F. Genetic Disorders

4. Molecular Basis of Inheritance
4.A. The DNA
4.B. The Search for Genetic Material
4.C. RNA World
4.D. Replication

4.E. Transcription

4.F. Genetic Code

4.G. Translation

4.H. Regulation of Gene Expression

4.I. Human Genome Project

4.J. DNA Fingerprinting

5. Microbes in Human Welfare
5.A. Microbes in Household Products
5.B. Microbes in Industrial Products
5.C. Microbes in Sewage Treatment
5.D. Microbes in Production of Bio gas

5.E. Microbes as Bio control Agents

5.F. Microbes as Biofertilisers

6. Organisms and Populations
6.A. Organism and Its Environment
6.B. Populations

7. Ecosystem
7.A. Ecosystem–Structure and Function
7.B. Productivity
7.C. Decomposition
7.D. Energy Flow

7.E. Ecological Pyramids

7.F. Ecological Succession

7.G. Nutrient Cycling

7.H. Ecosystem Services

8. Biodiversity and Conservation
8.A. Biodiversity
8.B. Biodiversity Conservation

9. Environmental Issues
9.A. Air Pollution and Its Control
9.B. Water Pollution and Its Control
9.C. Solid Wastes
9.D. Agro-chemicals and their Effects

9.E. Radioactive Wastes

9.F. Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming

9.G. Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere

9.H. Degradation by Improper Resource Utilisation and Maintenance

9.I. Deforestation

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CBSE-Grade 11 Zoology Syllabus

CBSE syllabus always maintains a standard, If a student has trouble understanding a topic related to Zoology, the student can go through questions and answers related to each topic covered in Class 11 Zoology.

Some of the topics Covered include :

TOPICS

    1. Animal Kingdom
    2. Structural Organisation in Animals
    3. Biomolecules
    4. Digestion and Absorption
    5. Breathing and Respiration
    6. Body Fluids and Circulation
    7. Excretory Products and their Elimination
    8. Locomotion and Movement
    9. Neural Control and Coordination
    10. Chemical Coordination and Regulation
1. Animal Kingdom

1.A. Basis of Classification
1.B. Classification of Animals

2. Structural Organisation in Animals
2.A. Animal Tissues
2.B. Organ and Organ System
2.C. Earthworm

2.D. Cockroach

2.E. Frogs

3. Biomolecules
3.A. How to Analyse Chemical Composition?
3.B. Primary and Secondary Metabolites
3.C. Biomacromolecules
3.D. Proteins

3.E. Polysaccharides

3.F. Nucleic Acids

3.G. Structure of Proteins

3.H. Nature of Bond Linking Monomers in a Polymer

3.I. Dynamic State of Body Constituents – Concept of Metabolism

3.J. Metabolic Basis for Living

3.K. The Living State

3.L. Enzymes

4. Digestion and Absorption
4.A. Digestive System
4.B. Digestion of Food
4.C. Absorption of Digested Products
4.D. Disorders of Digestive System

5. Breathing and Respiration
5.A. Respiratory Organs
5.B. Mechanism of Breathing
5.C. Exchange of Gases
5.D. Transport of Gases

5.E. Regulation of Respiration

5.F. Disorders of Respiratory System

6. Body Fluids and Circulation
6.A. Blood
6.B. Lymph (Tissue Fluid)
6.C. Circulatory Pathways
6.D. Double Circulation

6.E. Regulation of Cardiac Activity

6.F. Disorders of Circulatory System

7. Excretory Products and their Elimination
7.A. Human Excretory System
7.B. Urine Formation
7.C. Function of the Tubules
7.D. Mechanism of Concentration of the Filtrate

7.E. Regulation of Kidney Function

7.F. Micturition

7.G. Role of other Organs in Excretion

7.H. Disorders of the Excretory System

8. Locomotion and Movement
8.A. Types of Movement
8.B. Muscle
8.C. Skeletal System
8.D. Joints

8.E. Disorders of Muscular and Skeletal System

9. Neural Control and Coordination
9.A. Neural System
9.B. Human Neural System
9.C. Neuron as Structural and Functional Unit of Neural System
9.D. Central Neural System

9.E. Reflex Action and Reflex Arc

9.F. Sensory Reception and Processing

10. Chemical Coordination and Regulation
10.A. Endocrine Glands and Hormones
10.B. Human Endocrine System
10.C. Hormones of Heart, Kidney and Gastrointestinal Tract
10.D. Mechanism of Hormone Action

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CBSE-Grade 11 Botany Syllabus

CBSE syllabus always maintains a standard, If a student has trouble understanding a topic related to Botany, the student can go through questions and answers related to each topic covered in Class 11 Botany.

Some of the topics Covered include :

TOPICS

    1. The Living World
    2. Biological Classification
    3. Plant Kingdom
    4. Morphology Of Flowering Plants
    5. Anatomy of Flowering Plants
    6. Cell The Unit of Life
    7. Cell Cycle and Cell Division
    8. Transport in Plants
    9. Mineral Nutrition
    10. Photosynthesis in Plants
    11. Respiration in Plants
    12. Plant Growth and Development
1. The Living World

1.A. What is ‘Living’?
1.B. Diversity in the Living World
1.C. Taxonomic Categories

1.D. Taxonomical Aids

2. Biological Classification
2.A. Kingdom Monera
2.B. Kingdom Protista
2.C. Kingdom Fungi

2.D. Kingdom Plantae

2.E. Kingdom Animalia

2.F. Viruses, Viroids and Lichens

3. Plant Kingdom
3.A. Algae
3.B. Bryophytes
3.C. Pteridophytes
3.D. Gymnosperms

3.E. Angiosperms

3.F. Plant Life Cycles and Alternation of Generations

4. Morphology Of Flowering Plants
4.A. The Root
4.B. The Stem
4.C. The Leaf
4.D. The Inflorescence

4.E. The Flower

4.F. The Fruit

4.G. The Seed

4.H. Semi-technical Description of a Typical Flowering Plant

4.I. Description of Some Important Families

5. Anatomy of Flowering Plants
5.A. The Tissues
5.B. The Tissue System
5.C. Anatomy of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous Plants
5.D. Secondary Growth

6. Cell The Unit of Life
6.A. What is a Cell?
6.B. Cell Theory
6.C. An Overview of Cell
6.D. Prokaryotic Cells

6.E. Eukaryotic Cells

7. Cell Cycle and Cell Division
7.A. Cell Cycle
7.B. M Phase
7.C. Significance of Mitosis
7.D. Meiosis

7.E. Significance of Meiosis

8. Transport in Plants
8.A. Means of Transport
8.B. Plant-Water Relations
8.C. Long Distance Transport of Water
8.D. Transpiration

8.E. Uptake and Transport of Mineral Nutrients

8.F. Phloem Transport: Flow from Source to Sink

9. Mineral Nutrition
9.A. Methods to Study the Mineral Requirements of Plants
9.B. Essential Mineral Elements
9.C. Mechanism of Absorption of Elements
9.D. Translocation of Solutes

9.E. Soil as Reservoir of Essential Elements

9.F. Metabolism of Nitrogen

10. Photosynthesis in Plants
10.A. What do we Know?
10.B. Early Experiments
10.C. Where does Photosynthesis take place?
10.D. How many Pigments are involved in Photosynthesis?

10.E. What is Light Reaction?

10.F. The Electron Transport

10.G. Where are the ATP and NADPH Used?

10.H. The C4 Pathway

10.I. Photorespiration

10.J. Factors affecting Photosynthesis

11. Respiration in Plants
11.A. Do Plants Breathe?
11.B. Glycolysis
11.C. Fermentation
11.D. Aerobic Respiration

11.E. The Respiratory Balance Sheet

11.F. Amphibolic Pathway

11.G. Respiratory Quotient

12. Plant Growth and Development
12.A. Growth
12.B. Differentiation, Dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation
12.C. Development
12.D. Plant Growth Regulators

12.E. Photoperiodism

12.F. Vernalisation

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CBSE-Grade 12 POM Syllabus

CBSE syllabus always maintains a standard, If a student has trouble understanding a topic related to Business Studies, the student can go through questions and answers related to each topic covered in Class 12 POM- Principles & Functions of Management.

Some of the topics Covered include :

TOPICS

    1. Nature and Significance of Management
    2. Principles of Management
    3. Business Environment
    4. Planning
    5. Organizing
    6. Define staffing
    7. Directing
    8. Controlling
1. Nature and Significance of Management

1.A. Characteristics of management and its importance
1.B. Nature of management as an art, science and profession
1.C. Functions of management

2. Principles of Management
2.A. Significance of principles of management
2.B. Taylor’s principles and techniques of Management
2.C. Fayol’s principles of management
3. Business Environment
3.A. Meaning of business environment
3.B. Importance of business environment
3.C. Elements of business environment
3.D. Economic environment in India and the impact of Government policies

4. Planning
4.A. Meaning of planning
4.B. Features and importance of planning
4.C. Limitations of planning
4.D. Different types of plans

5. Organising
5.A. Concept of Organising
5.B. Process of Organising
5.C. Importance of Organising
5.D. Meaning, Advantages and Disadvantages of Functional Organisation

5.E. Meaning, Advantages and Disadvantages of Divisional Organisation

5.F. Meaning, Advantages and Disadvantages of Formal and Informal Organisation

5.G. Distinguish between Formal and Informal Organisation

5.H. Concept of Delegation and Decentralisation

5.I. Importance of Delegation and Decentralisation

5.J. Distinguish between Delegation and Decentralisation

6. Organising
6.A. Define Staffing
6.B. Relationship with Human Resource Management
6.C. Need and importance of Staffing
6.D. Steps in the Staffing Process

6.E. Recruitment and Selection

6.F. Important Sources of Recruitment

5.G. Steps in the Selection Process

6.H. Need of Training and Development

6.I. Jobs Methods of Training

7. Directing
7.A. Directing and importance in Business Organisations
7.B. Principles Guiding Directing Process
7.C. Supervision and its importance
7.D. Motivation and importance in Business Management

7.E. Maslow’s Theory and Application to Motivation of Employees

7.F. Financial and Nonfinancial Incentives

7.G. Leadership and Importance in Management

7.H. Qualities of a Good Leader

7.I. Formal and Informal Communications in the Organisations

7.J. Communications and Measures in the Organisations

8. Controlling
8.A. Meaning of Controlling
8.B. Importance of Controlling
8.C. Steps in the Process of Controlling
8.D. Techniques of Controlling

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CBSE-Grade 12 BFM Syllabus

CBSE syllabus always maintains a standard, If a student has trouble understanding a topic related to Business Studies, the student can go through questions and answers related to each topic covered in Class 12 BFM- Business Financial Management.

Some of the topics Covered include :

TOPICS

    1. Financial Management
    2. Financial Markets
    3. Marketing
    4. Consumer Protection
1. Financial Management

1.A. Meaning of Business Finance
1.B. Describe Financial Management
1.C. Financial Management in our Enterprise
1.D. Meaning of Capital Structure

1.E. Choice of an Appropriate Capital Structure

1.F. Meaning of Fixed Capital and Working Capital

1.G. Affecting the Requirement of Fixed And Working Capital

2. Financial Markets
2.A. Meaning of Financial Market
2.B. Meaning of Money Market and Instruments
2.C. Nature and types of Capital Market

2.D. Between Money Market and Capital Market

2.E. Meaning and functions of Stock Exchange

2.F. Functioning of NSEI and OTCEI

2.G. Role of SEBI in investor protection

3. Marketing
3.A. Meaning of ‘Marketing’
3.B. Between ‘ M A R K E T I N G ’ and ‘Selling’
3.C. List out Important Functions of Marketing
3.D. Role of Marketing in the Development Economy in a Firm

3.E. Elements of Marketing-mix

3.F. Classify Products into Different Categories

3.G. Factors Affecting Price of a Product

3.H. Types of Channels of Distribution

3.I. Tools of Promotion

4. Consumer Protection
4.A. Importance of consumer protection
4.B. legal framework for consumer protection in India
4.C. Describe Consumer Rights in India
4.D. List out Consumer Responsibilities
4.E. Ways and Means of Consumer Protection

4.F. Role of Consumer Organisations and NGO’s